diff --git a/src/app/admin/page.tsx b/src/app/admin/page.tsx
index e17367e..1f57614 100644
--- a/src/app/admin/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/admin/page.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { useToast } from '@/lib/contexts/ToastContext';
 import { useAccentColor } from '@/lib/contexts/AccentColorContext';
 import { refreshStorageSession } from '@/lib/storage/client';
 import { getStorageProvider, MediaUploadError, uploadMediaFile } from '@/lib/stuffbox/browser-upload';
+import { hasUnsavedChanges } from '@/lib/forms/dirty-state';
 
 export default function AdminPage() {
     const { showToast } = useToast();
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ export default function AdminPage() {
         turnstileSiteKey: '',
         turnstileSecretKey: '',
     });
+    const savedNodeSettingsRef = useRef<typeof nodeSettings | null>(null);
+    const nodeSettingsChanged = hasUnsavedChanges(nodeSettings, savedNodeSettingsRef.current);
     const [savingSettings, setSavingSettings] = useState(false);
     const [isUploadingBanner, setIsUploadingBanner] = useState(false);
     const [isCheckingBannerStorage, setIsCheckingBannerStorage] = useState(false);
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@ export default function AdminPage() {
         try {
             const res = await fetch('/api/node');
             const data = await res.json();
-            setNodeSettings({
+            const loadedSettings = {
                 name: data.name || '',
                 description: data.description || '',
                 longDescription: data.longDescription || '',
@@ -67,7 +70,9 @@ export default function AdminPage() {
                 isNsfw: data.isNsfw || false,
                 turnstileSiteKey: data.turnstileSiteKey || '',
                 turnstileSecretKey: data.turnstileSecretKey || '',
-            });
+            };
+            setNodeSettings(loadedSettings);
+            savedNodeSettingsRef.current = loadedSettings;
         } catch {
             // error
         } finally {
@@ -91,6 +96,7 @@ export default function AdminPage() {
                 body: JSON.stringify(payload),
             });
             if (res.ok) {
+                savedNodeSettingsRef.current = payload;
                 const data = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
                 if (data.node) {
                     window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('synapsis:node-updated', { detail: data.node }));
@@ -607,7 +613,7 @@ export default function AdminPage() {
                             </div>
 
                             <div style={{ paddingTop: '8px' }}>
-                                <button className="btn btn-primary" onClick={() => handleSaveSettings()} disabled={savingSettings}>
+                                <button className="btn btn-primary" onClick={() => handleSaveSettings()} disabled={savingSettings || !nodeSettingsChanged}>
                                     {savingSettings ? 'Saving...' : 'Save Settings'}
                                 </button>
                             </div>
diff --git a/src/app/bots/[id]/edit/page.tsx b/src/app/bots/[id]/edit/page.tsx
index 89e96e1..912a540 100644
--- a/src/app/bots/[id]/edit/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/bots/[id]/edit/page.tsx
@@ -8,12 +8,13 @@
 
 'use client';
 
-import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
 import { useRouter, useParams } from 'next/navigation';
 import Link from 'next/link';
 import { ArrowLeftIcon } from '@/components/Icons';
 import { UserStorageImageUpload } from '@/components/UserStorageImageUpload';
 import { Bot, Sparkles, Rss, Clock, Trash2 } from 'lucide-react';
+import { hasUnsavedChanges } from '@/lib/forms/dirty-state';
 
 interface ContentSource {
   id?: string;
@@ -66,8 +67,10 @@ export default function EditBotPage() {
     postingFrequency: 'every_4_hours',
     customIntervalMinutes: 240,
   });
+  const savedFormDataRef = useRef<typeof formData | null>(null);
 
   const [sources, setSources] = useState<ContentSource[]>([]);
+  const savedSourcesRef = useRef<ContentSource[] | null>(null);
   const [newSource, setNewSource] = useState<ContentSource>({
     type: 'rss',
     url: '',
@@ -78,6 +81,9 @@ export default function EditBotPage() {
     newsQuery: '',
   });
   const [sourcesToDelete, setSourcesToDelete] = useState<string[]>([]);
+  const botChanged = hasUnsavedChanges(formData, savedFormDataRef.current)
+    || hasUnsavedChanges(sources, savedSourcesRef.current)
+    || sourcesToDelete.length > 0;
 
   useEffect(() => {
     fetchBot();
@@ -129,7 +135,7 @@ export default function EditBotPage() {
         }
       }
 
-      setFormData({
+      const loadedFormData = {
         name: bot.name || '',
         handle: bot.handle || '',
         bio: bot.bio || '',
@@ -143,12 +149,17 @@ export default function EditBotPage() {
         autonomousMode: bot.autonomousMode || false,
         postingFrequency,
         customIntervalMinutes,
-      });
+      };
+      setFormData(loadedFormData);
+      savedFormDataRef.current = loadedFormData;
 
+      let loadedSources: ContentSource[] = [];
       if (sourcesRes.ok) {
         const sourcesData = await sourcesRes.json();
-        setSources(sourcesData.sources || []);
+        loadedSources = sourcesData.sources || [];
       }
+      setSources(loadedSources);
+      savedSourcesRef.current = loadedSources;
     } catch (err) {
       console.error('Failed to fetch bot:', err);
       setError('Failed to load bot data');
@@ -266,6 +277,7 @@ export default function EditBotPage() {
 
   const handleSubmit = async (e: React.FormEvent) => {
     e.preventDefault();
+    if (!botChanged) return;
     setSaving(true);
     setError('');
 
@@ -994,7 +1006,7 @@ export default function EditBotPage() {
             <button
               key="submit-button"
               type="submit"
-              disabled={saving}
+              disabled={saving || !botChanged}
               className="btn btn-primary"
             >
               {saving ? 'Saving...' : 'Save Changes'}
diff --git a/src/app/u/[handle]/page.tsx b/src/app/u/[handle]/page.tsx
index 9a435f6..fd78422 100644
--- a/src/app/u/[handle]/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/u/[handle]/page.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { Rocket, MoreHorizontal, Mail } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useFormattedHandle } from '@/lib/utils/handle';
 import { Bot } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useAuth } from '@/lib/contexts/AuthContext';
+import { hasUnsavedChanges } from '@/lib/forms/dirty-state';
 import { signedAPI } from '@/lib/api/signed-fetch';
 import { AvatarImage } from '@/components/AvatarImage';
 
@@ -114,6 +115,15 @@ export default function ProfilePage() {
     const [saveError, setSaveError] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isSaving, setIsSaving] = useState(false);
     const [mediaSaveStatus, setMediaSaveStatus] = useState<Partial<Record<ProfileMediaField, 'saving' | 'saved'>>>({});
+    const savedProfileForm = user ? {
+        displayName: user.displayName || '',
+        bio: user.bio || '',
+        avatarUrl: user.avatarUrl || '',
+        headerUrl: user.headerUrl || '',
+        website: user.website || '',
+    } : null;
+    const profileChanged = hasUnsavedChanges(profileForm, savedProfileForm);
+    const isSavingProfileMedia = Object.values(mediaSaveStatus).includes('saving');
     const [isBlocked, setIsBlocked] = useState(false);
     const [showMenu, setShowMenu] = useState(false);
     useEffect(() => {
@@ -400,7 +410,7 @@ export default function ProfilePage() {
     };
 
     const handleSaveProfile = async () => {
-        if (!isOwnProfile) return;
+        if (!isOwnProfile || !profileChanged) return;
 
         if (!isIdentityUnlocked) {
             setSaveError('Session expired. Please log in again.');
@@ -846,7 +856,7 @@ export default function ProfilePage() {
                                     <button className="btn btn-ghost" onClick={() => setIsEditing(false)} disabled={isSaving}>
                                         Cancel
                                     </button>
-                                    <button className="btn btn-primary" onClick={handleSaveProfile} disabled={isSaving}>
+                                    <button className="btn btn-primary" onClick={handleSaveProfile} disabled={isSaving || isSavingProfileMedia || !profileChanged}>
                                         {isSaving ? 'Saving...' : 'Save'}
                                     </button>
                                 </div>
diff --git a/src/lib/forms/dirty-state.test.ts b/src/lib/forms/dirty-state.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba81e70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/forms/dirty-state.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { hasUnsavedChanges } from './dirty-state';
+
+describe('hasUnsavedChanges', () => {
+  it('stays clean until saved values have loaded', () => {
+    expect(hasUnsavedChanges({ name: '' }, null)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('detects changes and becomes clean again when reverted', () => {
+    const saved = { name: 'Synapsis', isNsfw: false };
+
+    expect(hasUnsavedChanges(saved, saved)).toBe(false);
+    expect(hasUnsavedChanges({ ...saved, name: 'New name' }, saved)).toBe(true);
+    expect(hasUnsavedChanges({ ...saved }, saved)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('detects nested array changes such as bot sources', () => {
+    const saved = [{ id: 'source-1', config: { active: true } }];
+
+    expect(hasUnsavedChanges(saved, saved)).toBe(false);
+    expect(hasUnsavedChanges([...saved, { id: 'source-2', config: { active: true } }], saved)).toBe(true);
+  });
+});
+
diff --git a/src/lib/forms/dirty-state.ts b/src/lib/forms/dirty-state.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00e83b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/forms/dirty-state.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+function valuesEqual(left: unknown, right: unknown): boolean {
+  if (Object.is(left, right)) return true;
+
+  if (Array.isArray(left) && Array.isArray(right)) {
+    return left.length === right.length
+      && left.every((value, index) => valuesEqual(value, right[index]));
+  }
+
+  if (
+    left !== null
+    && right !== null
+    && typeof left === 'object'
+    && typeof right === 'object'
+  ) {
+    const leftRecord = left as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const rightRecord = right as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const leftKeys = Object.keys(leftRecord);
+    const rightKeys = Object.keys(rightRecord);
+
+    return leftKeys.length === rightKeys.length
+      && leftKeys.every((key) =>
+        Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(rightRecord, key)
+        && valuesEqual(leftRecord[key], rightRecord[key])
+      );
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+export function hasUnsavedChanges<T>(current: T, saved: T | null): boolean {
+  return saved !== null && !valuesEqual(current, saved);
+}
+